YOU’RE PROBABLY FAMILIAR WITH these password requirements: a minimum number of characters, one capital letter and one number or symbol. Sounds easy, doesn’t it? But don’t take the task of picking your passwords too lightly.

Those password characters serve to protect your privacy in all aspects of your life — emails, social feeds, shopping sites, medical records and, most important, your financial accounts. It is critically important to choose passwords that cybercriminals will have difficulty cracking. Test the strength of your current passwords — and think about how you might bolster them — by asking yourself the following questions.

Which of these passwords is stronger? 123456 or photosynthesis?

Trick question. Neither password is strong. Simple numerical strings and words found in the dictionary, even ones you don’t normally use in day-to-day conversation, are easily guessed by cybercriminals, who often use sophisticated programs that include trying every word in the dictionary as they attempt to penetrate accounts. Always use a more complex combination of letters, numbers and symbols.

How many characters are enough?

Generally, the longer the password, the harder it is to crack, since the number of possibilities increases substantially with each new character added. If you know that a password consists of a single lowercase letter, it would take no more than 26 attempts to hit the correct one. Any string of letters that forms a single word is also relatively easy to hack — a nine-character, all-lowercase English word could be guessed in about a million tries. But a 15-character password of lowercase letters (without any numbers or special characters) that do not form a single word has millions of trillions of possibilities.¹

True or false? You should never use your birthday for your password.

True! Using any sort of personal information (birthday, middle name, numbers in your address — even an old one) is unwise, since cybercriminals might already have access to that information through social media or other means. But if you make it part of a longer, more complex password, that can be more secure.

Should you use your favorite sports team, band or movie character as a password?

It’s not really a good idea. Here’s why: While it’s easy to remember those sorts of things, there’s a good chance you’ve written about them on social media (or even listed them as favorites on some sites). One alternative is to consider picking a favorite phrase you’ll find easy to remember and using the first letter of each word in the phrase as your password.

Can I use the same password for multiple accounts?

Also not a good idea. If one account is accessed, you risk having your others compromised as well. It’s essential to have a different password for each account you create. At a minimum, you should always use unique passwords for your banking and investment accounts. And keep in mind that two is better than one: Use multifactor authentication — which requires two or more types of verification — whenever possible.

Are password manager apps worth considering?

Using a reliable password manager will simplify your life. (To find one, search for “password manager” in your app store and be sure to research which are most secure.) Here’s how it works: You can store existing passwords on the app or have the password manager assign long, random and complex auto-generated passwords for every account you have. When you want to access an account, just go to the manager and copy and paste your password into the login field for the account. In many cases, you can even have the app auto-populate the login fields for you. And the best part: You’ll only have to create and remember one password — the one to get into the manager.